北京翻译公司尽心医学论文翻译的时候会用到哪些专业术语？
在北京翻译公司，我们很多的工作都和医学论文有关，那么大家是否了解北京翻译公司在翻译医学论文的适合都会用到哪些专业术语吗?下面详细为大家介绍：
In Beijing Translation Company, a lot of our work is related to medical papers. Do you know what terms Beijing Translation Company will use in translating medical papers?
在科技英语构词中，普遍运用的是复合法、缀合法、缩合法、首字母缩略等，这些方法在中医术语翻译时均可借鉴。
Compound method, affix method, abbreviation method and acronym method are commonly used in EST word formation. These methods can be used for reference in TCM terminology translation.
1、复合法这类术语在中医术语翻译中占了很大的比例，其含义大多是各个词含义的叠加。采用这种译法的优点是容易找到对应词，结构明了，易于理解。缺点是译文往往不够简洁。
1. Compound method accounts for a large proportion in the translation of TCM terms, and its meaning is mostly the superposition of the meanings of each word. The advantages of this method are that it is easy to find the corresponding words, clear in structure and easy to understand. The disadvantage is that the translation is often not concise enough.
2、缀合法此类术语的含义为词缀与词干意义的相加，特点是简洁，专业性强，与西医术语的可比性强，便于学术交流。但在目前中医术语翻译中，这类词的使用比例并不高，如针灸。
2. Affix legality is the combination of affix and stem meaning, which is characterized by conciseness, professionalism, comparability with Western medical terms and easy for academic exchange. However, in the current translation of TCM terminology, the use of such terms is not high, such as acupuncture and moxibustion.
3、缩合法其含义通常是构成该词的两个部分的词语意义相加，其特点类似缀合法。例如针压。
3. The meaning of contraction is usually the addition of the two parts of the word, which is similar to affix legality. For example, needle pressure.
4、首字母缩略这种方法在科技英语(包括医学英语)中使用得非常广泛，但在中医英语中却很少使用。目前被普遍接受的只有”中医”一词。当然，也有学者在这方面做了有益的尝试，如将温病缩略为。首字母缩略是一种非常便捷的构词方式，可提高单位词汇的信息量。但是，如何运用这一方法使中医术语趋于简洁，规范，还有待进行深入的研究。
4. The acronym method is widely used in English for Science and Technology (including Medical English), but seldom used in English for Traditional Chinese Medicine. At present, the word "traditional Chinese medicine" is universally accepted. Of course, some scholars have made useful attempts in this regard, such as abbreviating febrile diseases into febrile diseases. The acronym is a very convenient way of word formation, which can improve the information of the unit vocabulary. However, how to use this method to make TCM terminology more concise and standardized remains to be studied in depth.
二、医学翻译注意事项
II. Notices in Medical Translation
1、求同存异对于在英语中有完全或部分对应词汇的术语，应尽量采用对应语，以与国际通用术语接轨，符合术语标准化的要求，又便于目的语读者的理解。如 腰，胃痛，头晕耳鸣等。尽管“腰”，“胃”等术语在中医中的含义与西医并不完全一致，但如果采用其他的词汇来翻译，就可能造成概念上的混乱，不利于交流。
1. To seek common ground while reserving differences, the corresponding language should be used as far as possible in English terms which have complete or partial corresponding words, so as to conform to the international common terms, meet the requirements of standardization of terms, and facilitate the understanding of the target language readers. Such as waist, stomachache, dizziness and tinnitus. Although the meanings of the terms "waist" and "stomach" in traditional Chinese medicine are not exactly the same as those in Western medicine, if other words are used to translate them, they may cause confusion in concept and are not conducive to communication.
2、根据不同的读者群或不同的语境，使用不同的翻译方法译文必须考虑读者的认知语境和阅读反应，也就是要考虑译文的实际交际效果。一般说来，中医译文的读者可分为两类：一是医学研究人员，临床(西)医师或有志于学习中医的人 。另一类则是不懂西医但对中医有兴趣，愿意了解中医或有意接受中医治疗的普通读者群。对于前者，适宜采用科技英语构词法中的缩合法，缀合法等构成的专业性强，比较规范的术语，便于中西医之间的贯通和国际间的学术交流。而对于后者，则必须尽量用浅显的普通词汇，比如尽量选用根据复合法构成的术语。
2. According to different readers or contexts, the cognitive context and reading response of the readers must be taken into account when using different translation methods. That is to say, the actual communicative effect of the translated text should be taken into account. Generally speaking, readers of TCM translations can be divided into two categories: medical researchers, clinicians or people interested in learning TCM. The other is the general readership who do not know western medicine but are interested in traditional Chinese medicine and are willing to understand traditional Chinese medicine or intend to accept traditional Chinese medicine treatment. For the former, it is appropriate to adopt the terminology of abbreviation and affixation in EST word-formation, which is professional and normative, so as to facilitate the connection between TCM and Western medicine and international academic exchanges. For the latter, we must try to use simple common words, such as the terms based on compound method.
3、对中医特有的术语不能望文生义有人把”生气”译为”发怒”，就是因为不懂生气一词在中医术语中指的是生命力，又如中医术语中有“木火刑金”一说，若译为就未能完全反映出原文深层次的含义。因为在五行中肝属木，肺属金，故木火刑金实指肝火旺犯肺医学全。故译为可以更好地诠释出原文的内涵。中医英语的翻译，在一定程度上决定了中医是否能真正走向世界，为全世界所接受。所以在进行中医术语翻译时必须充分考虑中西文化和语言的差别，根据不同的读者群运用各种不同的翻译方法与技巧，以忠实地反映中医理论的独特内涵，实现跨文化交际。
3. Some people can't translate "angry" into "angry" because they don't understand that the term "angry" refers to vitality in TCM terminology. For example, the term "wood fire penalty" in TCM terminology does not fully reflect the deep meaning of the original text. Because the liver belongs to wood and the lung belongs to gold in the five elements, the wood fire penalty actually means that the liver fire vigorously violates the lung medicine. Therefore, translation can better interpret the connotation of the original text. To a certain extent, the translation of TCM English decides whether TCM can really go to the world and be accepted by the whole world. Therefore, when translating TCM terminology, we must fully consider the differences between Chinese and Western cultures and languages, and use different translation methods and techniques according to different readers, so as to faithfully reflect the unique connotation of TCM theory and realize cross-cultural communication.
