商务英语翻译的各种方法

　　经常参加商务活动，很多人肯定多少对商务英语的重要性有所了解，但是商务英语对专业度的要求可以说非常的高，那么今天就让北京翻译公司来为大家介绍一下商务英语翻译的各种方法吧!

Often participate in business activities, many people are sure to understand the importance of business English, but business English on the professional requirements can be said to be very high, so today let's Beijing translation company for you to introduce a variety of business English translation methods!

1. 顺序翻译法

1. Sequential translation

　　所谓顺译法就是按照原文的顺序组织译文。在商务英语中，当语句陈述的是一连串的动作并按发生的时间安排或逻辑关系排列时，此类语句与汉语的表达方式较一致"可按原文的顺序译出。

The so-called sequential translation method is to organize the translation in the order of the original text. In Business English, when a sentence states a series of actions and is arranged according to the time arrangement or logical relationship, the sentence is more consistent with the Chinese expression.

2. 反译法

2. Reverse translation

　　英汉两种语言结构存在很大差异。英语重心在前，汉语重心在后，汉语长句采用总结式。多把信息点放在后面，越往后越重要。如果一个句子既有叙事又有表态"汉语就把叙事部分放在前。表态部分放在后，英语则相反，常常把表态部分放在句首，译成汉语时则将其放在句末"从而形成反译，一些带有否定意义的词。

There are great differences between English and Chinese. The focus of English is on the front, while that of Chinese is on the back. Put more information points in the back, the more important it is. If a sentence has both narration and expression, "Chinese puts the narrative part first. It is often put at the beginning of the sentence and at the end of the sentence when translated into Chinese, thus forming a reverse translation of some words with negative meaning.

3. 词义引申翻译法

3. Extended word meaning translation

　　词义引申翻译法，就是根据上下文的内在联系，通过句中词或词组乃至整句的字面意义由表及里，运用一些符合汉语习惯的表达法，选用确切的汉语词句，将原文内容的实质准确的表达出来。从词义角度看，引申可分为抽象化引申和具体化引申。从句法层面来看，引申可分为逻辑引申、语用引申、修辞引申、概念范围的调整。将词义做抽象化引申是指对原文中某些字面意义明确具体的词，采用汉语中的含义抽象、概括的词语来表达。将此一具体化引申就是指，将代表抽象概念或者属性的词来表达一种具体事物的时候，用具体化的事物来表达，还其具体的本来面目，使读者一目了然。

The extended translation method of word meaning refers to the accurate expression of the essence of the original content by using some expressions in accordance with the Chinese custom by using the literal meaning of the word or phrase or even the whole sentence according to the internal relationship of the context. From the perspective of extension, it can be divided into extension and abstraction. From the perspective of syntax, extension can be divided into logical extension, pragmatic extension, rhetorical extension and adjustment of concept scope. Abstract extension of word meaning refers to the use of abstract and generalized words in Chinese for some words with clear and specific literal meaning in the original text. The extension of concretization means that when the words representing abstract concepts or attributes are used to express a specific thing, the concrete object is used to express it, so that the readers can understand it at a glance.

　　语义引申就是把原文中的弦外之音补益出来，就属于语用学引申的手法。语用学是非语义学的语用意义，一般都不通过词汇、语法手段表示，它是非规约性的、潜在的;受话人凭借交际能力来理解这种语用意义，换句话说，它是结合交际对方、交际目的和交际情景，从说话人词语中引申出来的意义。除此之外还有修辞引申、概念等引申的翻译方法。

Semantic extension refers to the supplement of the illocutionary sounds in the original text, which belongs to the technique of pragmatic extension. Pragmatics is a non semantic pragmatic meaning, which is not expressed by means of vocabulary or grammar. It is non conventional and potential. The addressee understands this pragmatic meaning by means of communicative competence. In other words, it is the meaning derived from the speaker's words by combining the communicative counterpart, communicative purpose and communicative situation. In addition, there are also translation methods such as rhetoric extension and concept extension.

4. 凝练翻译法

Translation method

　　商务英语中部分语句的结构复杂，信息量大，单凭一种方法很难翻译到位。翻译这类语句时，要根据具体情况，理清修饰语和中心词的关系以及修饰语内部各个成分之间的关系。把各种方法合理地综合运用、灵活处理，既忠实地再现原文内容，又保证译文通顺，表达准确，句子流畅。从语言特点上看，英语为形合，而汉语则为神合。

The structure of some sentences in Business English is complex and informative, so it is difficult to translate them by one method. When translating this kind of sentence, we should clarify the relationship between modifier and head word and the relationship between each component of modifier. The comprehensive use of various methods and flexible handling, both faithfully reproduce the original content, and ensure smooth translation, accurate expression and smooth sentences. In terms of language features, English is hypotaxis while Chinese is Shenhe.

5. 词类转换翻译法

Part of speech translation

　　转换是指商务英语翻译中语言的词性和表现方法的改变。由于英语和汉语的表达习惯、句子结构和词的搭配关系都有差异，在翻译中往往难以做到词性和表现方法的一致。为了适应译文语言的表达习惯和语法规则，在商务英语翻译中需要运用词类和表现方法的转换翻译技巧。商务英语中为了达到委婉表达的效果，往往多使用被动句，这与汉语的表达大不相同。因此，英语被动句在译成汉语时不存在现成的对应表达方式，而需要依据汉语的习惯用法，从丰富的句式和辅助词语中挑选一些适当的手段来表现出原文的被动含义。限于时间，我们暂时对商务英语翻译的要求以及方法做简单陈述。其实这只是翻译的冰山一角。如果要真正做好商务英语的翻译工作，那就要下苦工。

Conversion refers to the change of part of speech and expression in Business English translation. Due to the differences in expression habits, sentence structure and word collocation between English and Chinese, it is difficult to achieve the same part of speech and expression method in translation. In order to adapt to the expression habits and grammatical rules of the target language, it is necessary to use the conversion translation techniques of parts of speech and expression methods in Business English translation. In order to achieve the effect of euphemism, passive sentences are often used in Business English, which is quite different from that in Chinese. Therefore, there is no ready-made corresponding expression when English passive sentences are translated into Chinese. It is necessary to select some appropriate means from rich sentence patterns and auxiliary words to express the passive meaning of the original text according to Chinese idioms. Limited to time, we will briefly state the requirements and methods of business English translation. In fact, this is just the tip of the iceberg. If you want to do a good job in Business English translation, you have to work hard.