口译的过程中会出现错译漏译的现象的原因有哪些

　　在北京翻译公司口译是我们常见的一种工作，由于难度还是比较大的，因此口译的过程中会出现错译漏译的现象，那么大家知道这是为什么吗?下面详细为大家介绍：

In Beijing translation company, interpretation is a common job. Due to the difficulty, there are some mistakes and omissions in the process of interpretation. Do you know why? Here is a detailed introduction

1.“卡”在生词

1. "Card" in new words

　　一段录音中往往总是有一些难词或生词，许多考生就“卡”住了，没有跳过去听完全文，而继续停留在这一个词上，结果影响了对全文的理解。

In a recording, there are always some difficult words or new words. Many examinees "get stuck" and do not jump over to listen to the full text, but continue to stay on this word. As a result, their understanding of the full text is affected.

　　一般来说，口译段落中难词或生词的意思很容易从上下文中猜出。如一次口译考试出现这样的句“Beautiful parks and gardens leak onto interesting lanes and footpaths, while houses and buildings of old times stand magnificently on the hills of the city.”很多考生卡在“leak onto”，但从上下文，我们可以猜出大概的意思是“到处是”，如果猜不出这个意思，就可简单地说“美丽的公园里有一些趣味盎然的小路”。

Generally speaking, it is easy to guess the meaning of difficult words or new words from the context. For example, the sentence "beautiful parks and gardens leave onto interesting lanes and footpaths" appears in an interpretation exam, "While houses and buildings of old times stand magnificently on the hills of the city.".

2.记笔记贪多贪全

2. Take notes and be greedy for all

　　考生记笔记往往是前面记得很详细，后面来不及，因此翻译出来的东西是虎头蛇尾。笔记不宜过多，过多的笔记会干扰对大意的把握，特别是英译汉部分。一般来说，口译笔记应记录一些重要的概念、逻辑关系以及一些孤立的、难以记忆的内容，比如数字、专有名词等。

Examinees often remember in detail in the front of notes, but there is no time for the back to take notes. Therefore, the translated things are full of twists and turns. Note taking should not be too much, too many notes will interfere with the grasp of the general idea, especially in the translation from English to Chinese. Generally speaking, interpreting notes should record some important concepts, logical relations and some isolated and difficult to remember contents, such as numbers, proper nouns, etc.

3.不熟悉口音

3. Not familiar with accent

　　试题往往采用英语母语国家各种人员的录音，考生如果听录音少，就会感觉不适应。考生要熟悉连读、爆破等语音知识，平常要多听录音和看原版片和中央电视台的SUNDAY TOPICS，上海电视台的NEWS AT TEN等。

The test questions are often recorded by all kinds of personnel from native English speaking countries. If the candidates listen to the recordings less, they will feel uncomfortable. Candidates should be familiar with the phonetic knowledge of serial reading and blasting. They usually listen to the recording and watch the original film, Sunday topics of CCTV and news at ten of Shanghai TV station.

4.“卡”在长句

4. "Card" in long sentences

　　口译考试针对的是正式场合的翻译，因此英语的句子有时会很长，有时一段话只是一句句子。平常要注意书中的定语从句和包含分词短语的长句。

The interpretation test is aimed at the translation of formal occasions, so sometimes the English sentence will be very long, sometimes a paragraph is just a sentence. Usually, we should pay attention to the attributive clauses and long sentences containing participle phrases.

　　另外，考生可以调整句子的排序，只要把意思表达清楚就可以了。

In addition, candidates can adjust the order of sentences, as long as the meaning is clearly expressed.

5.欠流利

5. Lack of fluency

“汉译英” 表现尤为明显，原因是英语不流利，不停地修正自己的发音和用词，以至于耽误了时间。练好口语是第一步。

"C-E" performance is particularly obvious, because English is not fluent, constantly modify their pronunciation and words, so as to delay time. Good oral English is the first step.

6.不熟悉听力内容

6. Not familiar with listening content

　　不熟悉听力内容，就导致思考的时间太长、无法在规定时间里完成翻译。口译考试相当于小型的口译实战，因此考生应注意观摩和学习口译案例，如观看记者招待会和一些英语访谈节目，如DIALOGUE。

If you are not familiar with the listening content, it will take too long to complete the translation within the specified time. The interpretation test is equivalent to a small-scale interpretation practice. Therefore, candidates should pay attention to observing and learning interpreting cases, such as watching press conferences and some English interview programs, such as dialog.

7.心理紧张

7. Psychological stress

　　很多考生由于紧张，连中文都会听错，把“显现”听成“献血”而翻译成“donate blood”，还常把自己会的单词说错，比如说，“better andbetter”说成“gooderandgooder”等等。平常多做一些模考和实考题会帮助你逐渐克服心理紧张，另外，练习公众演讲会帮助你在压力下发挥正常。

Because of their nervousness, many examinees can even mishear Chinese. They can pronounce "show" as "blood donation" and translate it into "donating blood". They often make mistakes in their words, such as "better and better" as "good and good", etc. Doing more model and actual tests will help you gradually overcome your psychological stress. In addition, practicing public speaking will help you to function normally under pressure.

8.词汇量不够

8. Insufficient vocabulary

　　汉译英和英译汉中都会出现因词汇量不够翻译不好，英译汉多表现在“漏译”，英译汉多表现在“死译”。口译者并不要求能懂每一个单词，关键在于能使原文意思清晰准确传达出来。著名口译专家达妮卡?塞莱丝科维奇在她的书中这样提到：“译文实际上是解释性的翻译，是译员对原讲话的一种解释和注释，…以易于接受的方法转达给听者。”译员在翻译时，是再现说话人的思想，而不是对原文的文字进行一一对应。另外，考生要注意平时的积累，阅读CHINA DAILY, TIME, BEIJINGREVIEW,SHANGHAIDAILY，SHANGHAISTAR,NEWSWEEK等报刊对提高词汇将大有裨益。

In both C-E translation and E-C translation, due to the lack of vocabulary, translation is not good. English to Chinese translation is mainly manifested in "missing translation", while in English-Chinese translation, it is often shown in "dead translation". The interpreter is not required to understand every word. The key is to convey the meaning of the original text clearly and accurately. Danika seleskovitch, a famous interpreter, said in her book that "translation is actually an interpretative translation, which is an interpretation and annotation of the original speech by the interpreter Convey it to the listener in an acceptable way. " In translation, the interpreter is to reproduce the speaker's thoughts, rather than to make one-to-one correspondence of the original text. In addition, examinees should pay attention to their usual accumulation. Reading China Daily, time, beijingreview, Shanghai Daily, Shanghai Star, Newsweek and other newspapers and periodicals will be of great help to improve their vocabulary.

9.“语不惊人死不休”的心理

9. The psychology of "no surprise, no end"

　　有些考生程度不错，但口译的时候由于总是想用一些特别优美的词，因此耗费了时间，虽然某个单句听上去不错，但由于时间的安排不合理，可能后面就要出现漏译。口译的标准是“准、顺、快”，做口译练习时，一定要按照这个标准进行练习。关键是信息的准确。另外，口译考的是“技能”，而技能的获得是*日积月累的努力，希望考生把功夫花在平时，打好基础，取得好成绩。

Some candidates have a good level, but when interpreting, they always want to use some beautiful words, so they spend time. Although a single sentence sounds good, but due to the unreasonable arrangement of time, there may be missed translation. The standard of interpretation is "accurate, smooth and fast". When doing interpretation practice, we must practice according to this standard. Accurate information is the key. In addition, the interpretation test is "skills", and the acquisition of skills is a cumulative effort, hoping that candidates will spend their time in peacetime, lay a good foundation and achieve good results.

10.多米诺骨牌效应

10. Domino effect

　　大部分考生在做英译汉第一段时都特别紧张，没听懂原意翻得不好，影响了后面的情绪。如抱着放弃第一段的心理，把注意力放在“听懂”而不是“翻译”，这样非常有利于把握这一篇的大意，考生便能预测下文将出现什么，这将保证下面几段译文的质量。

Most of the candidates are very nervous when they do the first paragraph of the English Chinese translation. They don't understand the original meaning and translate it well, which affects the mood behind. If you are willing to give up the first paragraph and pay attention to "understanding" instead of "translation", it is very helpful to grasp the main idea of this passage, and the examinee can predict what will appear next, which will ensure the quality of the translation of the following paragraphs.